Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Skin-mimetic bilayer hydrogel normalizes diabetic wound healing by orchestrating inflammatory cell dynamics: An early intervention strategy

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.02.025

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bilayer hydrogel orchestrates inflammatory cell dynamics during the early inflammation phase of diabetic wound healing. a Experimental timeline for assay of early neutrophil recruitment. b Immunohistochemical staining for Ly-6G in wounds at 8 h, 1 d and 3 d after injury. Diabetic wounds were treated with SP/IL-10@Bilayer, SP@Bilayer, IL-10@Bilayer, and saline solution (Model), respectively. Healthy mice treated with saline solution were set as Normal. c Quantitative analysis of Ly-6G + cells in each group. d Relative expression of CXCL-1 on day 1. e Relative expression of MCP-1 on day 1. f Experimental timeline for assay of M1 macrophage infiltration. g Immunofluorescence staining for iNOS in wounds on days 1, 3 and 6 after injury. h Quantitative analysis of iNOS + cells in each group. i-k Relative expressions of macrophage-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 on day 3. l Schematic illustrating the dynamic modulation of inflammatory cells during the early inflammation phase of diabetic wounds by SP/IL-10@Bilayer. All data were generated from at least three independent experiments and presented as the means ± standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. # means significant difference compared to the normal group. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 and ###p < 0.001; ∗ means significant difference compared to the model group. ∗p < 0.05; & means significant difference compared to SP/IL-10@Bilayer. & p < 0.05 and && p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: The infiltration of pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages and polarization of M2c macrophages were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining using antibodies against iNOS (Servicebio, GB11119) and CD163 (Servicebio, GB14027), respectively.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Saline, Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Generated, Standard Deviation

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Skin-mimetic bilayer hydrogel normalizes diabetic wound healing by orchestrating inflammatory cell dynamics: An early intervention strategy

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.02.025

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bilayer hydrogel modulates M2c macrophage polarization in the later healing phase of diabetic wound. a Experimental timeline for assay of M2c macrophage polarization. b Immunofluorescence staining for CD163 in wounds on days 3, 6, 9 and 12 after injury. c Quantitative analysis of CD163 + cells in each group. d-f Relative expression of MerTK, IL-10, and TGF-β1 on day 6. g Schematic illustration of M2c macrophage polarization regulated by SP/IL-10@Bilayer and its contribution to inflammation resolution. All data were generated from three independent experiments and presented as the means ± standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. # means significant difference compared to the normal group. #p < 0.05 and ##p < 0.01; ∗ means significant difference compared to model group. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01 and ∗∗∗p < 0.001; & means significant difference compared to SP/IL-10@Bilayer group. & p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: The infiltration of pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages and polarization of M2c macrophages were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining using antibodies against iNOS (Servicebio, GB11119) and CD163 (Servicebio, GB14027), respectively.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Expressing, Generated, Standard Deviation

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Double-negative feedback loop between IGF2BP2 and miR-196-5p inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of primary chicken myoblasts

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106746

Figure Lengend Snippet: The Effect of IGF2BP2 on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Myoblasts. (A) CCK-8 assay assessing cell proliferation following transfection with pcDNA3.1-IGF2BP2 or the negative control pcDNA3.1 at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h (mean ± SEM; within each time point, significance between experimental group and control group was denoted as * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; n = 4). (B) EdU assay performed 48 h post-transfection to evaluate cell proliferation (20 ×, scale 50 µm) (mean ± SEM; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; n = 4). (C) The relative mRNA expression levels of IGF2BP2 and proliferation markers genes ( PCNA, CCND1 , and CDK2 ) 48 h after transfection (mean ± SEM; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; n = 4). (D) Relative protein levels of proliferation markers ( PCNA and CDK2 ) 48 h after transfection (mean ± SEM; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; n = 3). (E) Immunofluorescence staining with MyHC (200 × magnification) after transfection. Cells were stained for MyHC in red serving as myogenic marker and DAPI in blue represents the nucleus. The right graph quantifies the relative myotube area (mean ± SEM; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; n = 4). (F) Relative mRNA expression levels of IGF2BP2 and myogenic differentiation markers, including MyHC, MyoD1, MyoG , and Myomaker after 3 days of differentiation induction (mean ± SEM; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; n = 4). (G) Relative protein levels of myogenic differentiation markers (MyHC, MyoD1) post-transfection (mean ± SEM; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; n = 3).

Article Snippet: The cells were then blocked with immunofluorescence blocking solution (Sangon Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) for 1 h at room temperature.

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Transfection, Negative Control, Control, EdU Assay, Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Marker, Cell Characterization

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Double-negative feedback loop between IGF2BP2 and miR-196-5p inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of primary chicken myoblasts

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106746

Figure Lengend Snippet: IGF2BP2 and miR-196-5p regulate chicken myoblasts differentiation. (A) Immunofluorescence analysis of MyHC cells after co-transfection (200x magnification) (mean ± SEM; n = 4). a, b Among different groups, values with different lowercase superscripts denote significant differences ( P < 0.05). (B) Relative mRNA expression of the myogenic differentiation markers (mean ± SEM; n = 4). a, b Among different groups, values with different lowercase superscripts denote significant differences ( P < 0.05). (C) Protein relative expression levels of myogenic differentiation markers. (mean ± SEM; n = 2). a, b Among different groups, values with different lowercase superscripts denote significant differences ( P < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The cells were then blocked with immunofluorescence blocking solution (Sangon Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) for 1 h at room temperature.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Cotransfection, Expressing, Cell Characterization